Django+Nginx+uWSGI

引言

记录如何在Centos7 部署 Django Web 服务,本篇文章记录如何使用nginx+uwsgi部署django 和如何使用nginx 直接反向代理django。因此就不再讲述如何安装python、nginx环境

前置

nginx + python

编写DjangoDemo

创建项目Ndemo

目录结构

初始结构

├─NDemo
│  ├─asgi.py
│  ├─settings.py
│  ├─urls.py
│  ├─wsgi.py
│  └─ __init__.py
├─templates
├─manage.py
└─venv
    ├─Include
    ├─Lib
    └─Scripts

Apps、Conf结构

├─apps
│  └─NDemo
│     ├─asgi.py
│     ├─urls.py
│     ├─wsgi.py
│     └─ __init__.py
├─templates
├─conf
│  └─settings.py
├─manage.py
└─venv

调整结构配合调整相应文件内容

asgi.py wsgi.py manage.py 文件

NDemo.settings 修改为 conf.settings

settings.py文件

ROOT_URLCONF='NDemo.urls' 修改为 ROOT_URLCONF = 'apps.NDemo.urls'
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'NDemo.wsgi.application' 修改为 WSGI_APPLICATION = 'apps.NDemo.wsgi.application'

顺序如下图所示

编写View

新建view apps.NDemo.view.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# __author__ = Ysc
from django.views import View
from django.http.response import HttpResponse


class Index(View):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return HttpResponse("hello django")

修改urlpatterns apps.NDemo.urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

# 新增
from apps.NDemo.view import Index

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    # 新增
    path('index/', Index.as_view()),
]

运行项目并访问

python manage.py runserver 8000

http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/

上传至服务器

Nginx反向代理方式

运行Django

启动Django

1 2	python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

直接访问

1 2	# 有防火墙的记得开放端口 http://192.168.31.198:8000/index/

反向代理

重启Django

1	python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000

修改nginx.conf

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name 192.168.31.198;
    
    location / {
	      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/;
        # 获取真实IP
        proxy_set_header REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
	}
    # 添加路由版本
    location /v1/ {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/;
        proxy_redirect http://127.0.0.1:8000/   /v1/;
        # 获取真实IP
        proxy_set_header     REMOTE_ADDR   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
	}
}

重启nginx

1
2
3

nginx -t

nginx -s reload

访问

http://192.168.31.198/index/

http://192.168.31.198/v1/index/

反向代理后获取真实IP

修改view文件

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# __author__ = Ysc
from django.views import View
from django.http.response import HttpResponse


class Index(View):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # 使用真实ip
        print(request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'))
        return HttpResponse("hello django")

Nginx+uWSGI方式

安装uWSGI

1 2	# 建议使用虚拟环境 pip install uWSGI

无路由配置

创建NDemo.ini

# 这里就不再讲述如何使用命令行配置uWSGI
[uwsgi]
# django启动的端口
socket = 127.0.0.1:8000
# 项目目录
chdir = /www/NDemo/
wsgi-file = apps/NDemo/wsgi.py
processes = 4
threads = 2
# 守护进程
daemonize = /www/NDemo/NDemo.log
# pid文件路径
safe-pidfile = /www/NDemo/NDemo.pid

启动uWSGI

1	uwsgi NDemo.ini

配置Nginx

# nginx.conf
server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name 192.168.31.198;

    location / {
        include uwsgi_params;
        # 填写配置文件中地址
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
        # 获取真实IP
        uwsgi_param REMOTE_ADDR     $remote_addr;
        uwsgi_param X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

    }

}

重启nginx

1 2	nginx -t nginx -s reload

访问

1	http://192.168.31.198/index/

路由配置

创建NDemo.ini

# 这里就不再讲述如何使用命令行配置uWSGI
[uwsgi]
# django启动的端口
socket = 127.0.0.1:8000
# 项目目录
chdir = /www/NDemo/
# 配置访问路由  v1
mount = /v1=apps/NDemo/wsgi.py
manage-script-name = true
processes = 4
threads = 2
daemonize = /www/NDemo/NDemo.log
safe-pidfile = /www/NDemo/NDemo.pid

配置Nginx

# nginx.conf
server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name 192.168.31.198;

    location /v1/ {
        include uwsgi_params;
        # 填写配置文件中地址
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
        # 获取真实IP
        uwsgi_param REMOTE_ADDR     $remote_addr;
        uwsgi_param X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

    }

}

重启nginx

1 2	nginx -t nginx -s reload

访问

1	http://192.168.31.198/v1/index/

uwsgi获取真实IP

修改views.py

# 前提前述nginx已按步骤配置

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# __author__ = Ysc
from django.views import View
from django.http.response import HttpResponse


class Index(View):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # 使用真实ip
        # print(request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'))
        print(request.META.get('X-Forwarded-For'))
        return HttpResponse("hello django")

如有错误，请 Mail 指正.